### Installing libsvm For Use With GNU Octave In Ubuntu 14.04

###### 19 Nov 2016 by Chris Woodall

For week 7 of the Coursera Machine Learning course we learned about Support Vector Machines (SVM). SVMs are a useful and powerful tools for solving classification problems. They can be tailored to solve complicated classification boundaries, and don’t suffer from some of the down sides of optimizing neural networks. One of the example problems uses an SVM to classify spam emails. A SVM implementation written in MATLAB/Octave is used, but for further work libsvm (or another SVM library) is recommended. To get libsvm working with Octave in Ubuntu 14.04 there are a few steps that are not obvious. I did not find very many instructions so I compiled the steps I followed to get a stable Octave environment with libsvm. Read on for details.

### Installation

Before starting you will need a working installation of Octave (I used 3.8.1) which can be installed using apt if you are on Ubuntu 14.04. You will also need the liboctave-dev package:

$sudo apt-get install octave liboctave-dev  Now, you should navigate to the directory you want to keep libsvm in. This directory should not change. I used the Github repository of libsvm, but you can also use the source release for a stable release: $ git clone https://github.com/cjlin1/libsvm.git


Next make the C library and the Octave/Matlab library (note >>> indicates the Octave shell):

$cd libsvm$ make
$cd matlab$ octave
>>> make


Finally, you need to add the directory you made libsvm in to your Octave path. To do this you can use the addpath() function in Octave, followed by the savepath() function. When you add the path it should be an absolute path, so that it always works. The pwd Octave function will return the current directory we are in. So after running make from within Octave I suggest using the commands below:

>>> addpath(pwd())
>>> savepath()


Congratulations, you have installed lisvm and added it to your path. You should be able to run svmtrain and svmpredict. You should be able to get the help information for svmtrain:

>>> svmtrain
Usage: model = svmtrain(training_label_vector, training_instance_matrix, 'libsvm_options');
libsvm_options:
-s svm_type : set type of SVM (default 0)
0 -- C-SVC		(multi-class classification)
1 -- nu-SVC		(multi-class classification)
2 -- one-class SVM
3 -- epsilon-SVR	(regression)
4 -- nu-SVR		(regression)
-t kernel_type : set type of kernel function (default 2)
0 -- linear: u'*v
1 -- polynomial: (gamma*u'*v + coef0)^degree
2 -- radial basis function: exp(-gamma*|u-v|^2)
3 -- sigmoid: tanh(gamma*u'*v + coef0)
4 -- precomputed kernel (kernel values in training_instance_matrix)
-d degree : set degree in kernel function (default 3)
-g gamma : set gamma in kernel function (default 1/num_features)
-r coef0 : set coef0 in kernel function (default 0)
-c cost : set the parameter C of C-SVC, epsilon-SVR, and nu-SVR (default 1)
-n nu : set the parameter nu of nu-SVC, one-class SVM, and nu-SVR (default 0.5)
-p epsilon : set the epsilon in loss function of epsilon-SVR (default 0.1)
-m cachesize : set cache memory size in MB (default 100)
-e epsilon : set tolerance of termination criterion (default 0.001)
-h shrinking : whether to use the shrinking heuristics, 0 or 1 (default 1)
-b probability_estimates : whether to train a SVC or SVR model for probability estimates, 0 or 1 (default 0)
-wi weight : set the parameter C of class i to weight*C, for C-SVC (default 1)
-v n : n-fold cross validation mode
-q : quiet mode (no outputs)